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1.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 35(5): 690-695, Sept.-Oct. 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1405186

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is an effective treatment for patients with heart failure. Objective: To evaluate the response of CRT in maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), peak expiratory flow (PEF), and exercise tolerance as determined by the six-minute walk test (6MWT) in patients with HF. Methods: This study used the 6MWT and Manovacuometer to assess functional capacity in relation to activities of daily living, in which fatigue and dyspnea are common. Results: After six months of CRT, this study identified improvements in the 6MWT, p<0.05; MIP, p=0.01; and PEF, p=0.03. Conclusion: After CRT, this study showed a significant improvement in MIP, PEF, and exercise tolerance. However, further studies are warranted to demonstrate the relevance of these findings.

2.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 111(4): 607-615, Oct. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-973766

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: Heart failure (HF) affects more than 5 million individuals in the United States, with more than 1 million hospital admissions per year. Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) can benefit patients with advanced HF and prolonged QRS. A significant percentage of patients, however, does not respond to CRT. Electrical dyssynchrony isolated might not be a good predictor of response, and the last left ventricular (LV) segment to contract can influence the response. Objectives: To assess electromechanical dyssynchrony in CRT with LV lead implantation guided by GATED SPECT. Methods: This study included 15 patients with functional class II-IV HF and clinically optimized, ejection fraction of 35%, sinus rhythm, left bundle-branch block, and QRS ≥ 120 ms. The patients underwent electrocardiography, answered the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ), and underwent gated myocardial perfusion SPECT up to 4 weeks before CRT, being reassessed 6 months later. The primary analysis aimed at determining the proportion of patients with a reduction in QRS duration and favorable response to CRT, depending on concordance of the LV lead position, using chi-square test. The pre- and post-CRT variables were analyzed by use of Student t test, adopting the significance level of 5%. Results: We implanted 15 CRT devices, and 2 patients died during follow-up. The durations of the QRS (212 ms vs 136 ms) and the PR interval (179 ms vs 126 ms) were significantly reduced (p < 0.001). In 54% of the patients, the lead position was concordant with the maximal delay site. In the responder group, the lateral position was prevalent. The MLHFQ showed a significant improvement in quality of life (p < 0.0002). Conclusion: CRT determines improvement in the quality of life and in electrical synchronism. Electromechanical synchronism relates to response to CRT. Positioning the LV lead in the maximal delay site has limitations.


Resumo Fundamento: A insuficiência cardíaca (IC) afeta mais de 5 milhões de pessoas nos Estados Unidos, com mais de 1 milhão de internações/ano. A terapia de ressincronização (TRC) pode beneficiar pacientes com IC avançada e QRS alargado; entretanto, percentual significativo de pacientes não respondem à TRC. O dissincronismo elétrico isolado pode não representar um bom preditor de resposta, e o local da última ativação do ventrículo esquerdo (VE) pode influenciar na resposta. Objetivos: Avaliar o dissincronismo eletromecânico na TRC com o implante do eletrodo do VE orientado por GATED SPECT. Métodos: Incluídos 15 pacientes com IC classe funcional II-IV, otimizados clinicamente, com fração de ejeção de 35%, ritmo sinusal, bloqueio de ramo esquerdo, QRS ≥ 120 ms. Realizaram eletrocardiograma, Questionário Minnesota Vivendo com Insuficiência Cardíaca (MLHFQ) e cintilografia GATED SPECT até 4 semanas antes do implante. Reavaliados 6 meses após. Análise primária visou determinar a proporção de pacientes com redução da duração do QRS e resposta favorável à TRC dependendo da concordância ou não na posição do eletrodo, utilizando teste Qui-Quadrado. Análise das variáveis pré e pós TRC foi feita através do teste t de Student, assumindo significância de 5%. Resultados: Realizamos 15 implantes com 2 óbitos no seguimento. As reduções das durações do QRS (212 ms vs 136 ms) e do IPR (179 ms vs 126 ms) foram significativas (p < 0,001). Em 54%, o eletrodo foi concordante com o local de maior atraso. No grupo respondedor, a posição lateral foi prevalente. O MLHFQ mostrou melhora significativa da qualidade de vida (p < 0,0002). Conclusão: A TRC determina melhora da qualidade de vida e do sincronismo elétrico. O sincronismo eletromecânico relaciona-se com a resposta à TRC. O posicionamento do eletrodo de VE no sítio de maior retardo tem limitações.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/therapy , Cardiac-Gated Single-Photon Emission Computer-Assisted Tomography/methods , Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy/methods , Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Devices , Heart Failure/therapy , Quality of Life , Stroke Volume , Time Factors , Bundle-Branch Block/physiopathology , Bundle-Branch Block/therapy , Fluoroscopy , Treatment Outcome , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/physiopathology , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/diagnostic imaging , Statistics, Nonparametric , Electrocardiography , Heart Failure/physiopathology , Heart Failure/diagnostic imaging
3.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 31(3): 264-273, jul.-ago. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-908914

ABSTRACT

Fundamentos: Cerca de 20 a 40% dos pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca não respondem à terapia de ressincronização. Para melhorar a seleção de pacientes, foi desenvolvida a análise de fase pela cintilografia de perfusão miocárdica (GSPECT). Objetivo: Avaliar a resposta clínica e cintilográfica de pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca submetidos à terapia de ressincronização pelo uso do GSPECT. Métodos: Estudo intervencionista, incluindo pacientes consecutivos que foram estudados pelo GSPECT 4 semanas antes da implantação da terapia de ressincronização cardíaca e 6 meses depois do implante. Estes pacientes responderam ao Questionário de Qualidade de Vida de Minnesota. A comparação das variáveis categóricas foi realizada com teste exato de Fisher e teste qui quadrado e, em variáveis numéricas, com o teste t de Student. O nível de significância estatística adotado foi de 5%. As variáveis cintilográficas analisadas foram fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo, volume sistólico final, volume diastólico final, massa do ventrículo esquerdo, desvio padrão e largura de banda, assim como a duração do QRS e o escore do Questionário de Qualidade de Vida de Minnesota. A presença de dissincronismo mecânico foi definida como desvio padrão > 43º.Resultados: Foram incluídos nove pacientes no estudo. Após a terapia de ressincronização cardíaca, houve melhora significativa (p < 0,05) dos parâmetros volume sistólico final (206 ± 80 mL vs. 158 ± 108 mL), QRS (180 ± 18 ms vs. 120 ± 9 ms), massa do ventrículo esquerdo (248 ± 65 g vs. 193 ± 52 g) e Questionário de Qualidade de Vida de Minnesota (63 ± 16 vs. 34 ± 20). Todos os pacientes com critérios cintilográficos de dissincronismo mecânico apresentaram melhora clínica. Dois pacientes apresentavam apenas dissincronismo elétrico e não atingiram melhora clínica significativa, apesar de apresentarem redução da duração do QRS. Conclusão: O GSPECT foi capaz de diferenciar os pacientes com dissincronismo elétrico puro daqueles com dissincronismo mecânico associado, por meio dos parâmetros de dissincronismo intraventricular. A terapia de ressincronização cardíaca está associada à melhora tanto do dissincronismo mecânico quanto do elétrico. O GSPECT pré-implante identificou que os pacientes com dissincronismos elétrico e mecânico associados apresentaram melhor resposta à terapia de ressincronização cardíaca do que aqueles com dissincronismo elétrico puro


Background: Approximately 20 to 40% of patients with heart failure do not respond to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). To improve patient selection, phase analysis by myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (GSPECT) was developed. Objectives: To evaluate the clinical and scintigraphic response of patients with heart failure (HF) submitted to CRT using GSPECT. Method: This was an interventional study that included consecutive patients assessed by GSPECT four weeks prior to CRT implantation and six months after it for comparison. These patients also answered the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ). The categorical variables were compared using Fisher's exact test and chi-square test, whereas Student's t-test was used for numerical variables. The level of statistical significance was set at 5%. The scintigraphic variables analyzed were left ventricular ejection fraction, end-systolic volume, end-diastolic volume, left ventricular mass, standard deviation and bandwidth, as well as QRS duration and the Minnesota Quality of Life Questionnaire score. The presence of mechanical dyssynchrony was defined as standard deviation > 43º. Results: Nine patients were included in the study. After the cardiac resynchronization therapy, there was a significant improvement (p <0.05) in the end-systolic volume (206 ± 80 mL vs. 158 ± 108 mL), QRS (180 ± 18 ms vs. 120 ± 9 ms), left ventricular mass (248 ± 65 g vs. 193 ± 52 g) and Minnesota Quality of Life Questionnaire score (63 ± 16 vs. 34 ± 20). All patients with scintigraphic criteria of mechanical dyssynchrony showed clinical improvement. Two patients had only electrical dyssynchrony and did not achieve significant clinical improvement, although they showed QRS duration reduction. Conclusion: GSPECT was able to differentiate patients with isolated electrical dyssynchrony from those with associated mechanical dyssynchrony, through the intraventricular dyssynchrony parameters. The cardiac resynchronization therapy is associated with the improvement of both mechanical and electrical dyssynchrony. Pre-implantation GSPECT showed that patients with associated electrical and mechanical dyssynchrony had a better response to cardiac resynchronization therapy than those with isolated electrical dyssynchrony


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Coronary Artery Disease/therapy , Radionuclide Imaging/methods , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Myocardial Perfusion Imaging/methods , Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy/methods , Heart Failure/therapy , Stroke Volume , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Predictive Value of Tests , Prospective Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Electrocardiography/methods , Myocardial Infarction
4.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 107(5): 455-459, Nov. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-827874

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: In the Systolic Heart Failure Treatment With the If Inhibitor Ivabradine Trial (SHIFT), heart rate (HR) reduction with ivabradine was associated with improved survival and reduced hospitalizations in patients with heart failure (HF). The mechanisms by which elevated HR increases mortality are not fully understood. Objective: To assess the relationship of baseline HR with clinical, neurohormonal and cardiac sympathetic activity in patients with chronic HF and elevated HR. Method: Patients with chronic HF who were in sinus rhythm and had resting HR>70 bpm despite optimal medical treatment were included in a randomized, double-blind study comparing ivabradine versus pyridostigmine. This report refers to the baseline data of 16 initial patients. Baseline HR (before randomization to one of the drugs) was assessed, and patients were classified into two groups, with HR below or above mean values. Cardiac sympathetic activity was assessed by 123-iodine-metaiodobenzylguanidine myocardial scintigraphy. Results: Mean HR was 83.5±11.5 bpm (range 72 to 104), and seven (43.7%) patients had HR above the mean. These patients had lower 6-min walk distance (292.3±93 vs 465.2±97.1 m, p=0.0029), higher values of N-Terminal-proBNP (median 708.4 vs 76.1, p=0.035) and lower late heart/mediastinum rate, indicating cardiac denervation (1.48±0.12 vs 1.74±0.09, p<0.001). Conclusion: Elevated resting HR in patients with HF under optimal medical treatment was associated with cardiac denervation, worse functional capacity, and neurohormonal activation.


Resumo Fundamento: No SHIFT (Systolic Heart Failure Treatment With the If Inhibitor Ivabradine Trial, ou Estudo do Tratamento da Insuficiência Cardíaca Sistólica com o Inibidor de If Ivabradina), a redução da frequência cardíaca (FC) com ivabradina associou-se com melhor sobrevida e redução das hospitalizações em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca (IC). Os mecanismos pelos quais a FC elevada aumenta a mortalidade não são totalmente compreendidos. Objetivo: Avaliar a relação da FC basal com atividade clínica, neuro-hormonal e simpática cardíaca em pacientes com IC crônica e FC elevada. Método: Pacientes com IC crônica em ritmo sinusal e FC≥70 apesar de tratamento adequado foram incluídos em um estudo duplo-cego, randomizado, que comparou ivabradina com piridostigmina. Este artigo refere-se a dados basais dos primeiros 16 pacientes. A FC basal (antes da randomização para um dos medicamentos) foi avaliada, e os pacientes classificados em dois grupos, com FC abaixo ou acima dos valores médios. A atividade simpática cardíaca foi avaliada por cintilografia com metaiodobenzilguanidina marcada com iodo 123. Resultados: A FC média foi 83,5±11,5 bpm (intervalo 72 a 104), e sete pacientes (43.7%) tinham FC acima da média. Esses pacientes apresentaram menor distância percorrida no teste de caminhada de 6 minutos (292,3±93 vs 465,2±97,1 m, p=0,0029), valores mais altos de N-terminal do pró-BNP (mediana 708,4 vs 76,1, p=0,035) e menor relação coração/mediastino tardia, indicando desnervação cardíaca (1,48±0,12 vs 1,74±0,09, p<0,001). Conclusão: A FC de repouso elevada em pacientes com IC em tratamento médico adequado associou-se com desnervação cardíaca, pior capacidade funcional e ativação neuro-hormonal.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Sympathetic Nervous System/diagnostic imaging , 3-Iodobenzylguanidine , Heart/innervation , Heart Failure/diagnostic imaging , Heart Rate/physiology , Sympathetic Nervous System/physiology , Cardiovascular Agents/therapeutic use , Radionuclide Imaging , Chronic Disease , Denervation , Exercise Test , Heart/diagnostic imaging , Heart Failure/drug therapy
5.
Acta odontol. venez ; 46(2): 165-169, jun. 2008. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-630008

ABSTRACT

El presente estudio tuvo por objetivo analizar el perfil odontológico de los pacientes atendidos en la Clínica de Bebés de una institución de enseñanza superior de Río de Janeiro, Brasil, y la influencia del consumo de azúcar, uso frecuente de medicamentos e higiene oral en la prevalencia de caries de aparición temprana en bebés de 0 a 36 meses de edad. Se utilizó la documentación indirecta a través de investigación en las historias clínicas de los pacientes. Fueron seleccionadas 525 historias clínicas válidas y los datos obtenidos fueron tabulados y analizados en el  programa Epi Info 6.04. La media de edad fue de 21,4 ± 8,3  meses, 53 por ciento género masculino. Un 35 por ciento de los pacientes poseían bajo consumo de azúcar, un 81 por ciento acostumbraba a endulzar alimentos, especialmente con sacarosa (94 por ciento). El uso frecuente de medicamentos  relatado en 29 por ciento, especialmente vitaminas (74 por ciento) y un total de 84 por ciento higienizaban sus dientes. Presencia de caries en 38 por ciento de los casos con un ceo-d medio de 3,21. Se observó un consumo de azúcar directamente relacionado a la presencia de caries (p<0,05Qui-cuadrado). Hubo una relación proporcional entre edad de los pacientes y caries (p<0,05). No hubo relación entre uso de medicamentos y caries (p>0,05). Se observó que el hábito de higiene dental tuvo relación inversamente proporcional a la prevalencia de caries (p<0,05). Se concluyó que el uso de medicamentos no tiene relación con caries en la población estudiada, en cuanto el consumo de azúcar e higiene ejercen un papel preponderante en sus índices en bebés


The prevalence of early childhood caries in children from 0-36 months and its relationship with sugar consumption, medicines uses and oral hygiene, has been study in this research. We used non direct documentation through patient records research from a baby clinic of Rio de Janeiro higher education institution. From a total of 1066 records, we selected 525 valid records and the results were listed and analyzed using Epi Info 6.04 software. We found an average age of 21.4 ± 8.3 month, where 53 percent were male. Approximately 1/3 of the babies (35 percent) had low sugar consumption; moreover 81 percent of the babies were used to sweeten their food, especially with sucrose (94 percent). The frequently use of medicine were found in 29 percent, especially vitamins with a value of 74 percent; and a total of 84 percent did oral hygiene where 77 percent used tooth brush and 51 percent used past tooth. Caries were present in 38 percent of the babies, and an average dmf-t found was 3.208. We observed that the sugar consumption was directly related to the presence of dental carie (p<0.05 Chi-square test). We also found a proportional relationship between patient age and the presence of dental caries (p<0.05). There were not relationship between medicine uses and the presence of dental caries (p>0.05). We observed that the dental hygienic had a proportional inverse relationship to the presence of dental caries (p<0.05). We concluded that the medicine uses had not relationship with dental carie considering our patient records. However, sugar consumption and the dental hygienic habit play a fundamental role in the babies carie prevalence


Subject(s)
Child , Cariogenic Agents , Dental Caries , Oral Hygiene , Pediatric Dentistry
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